Introduction of surveying
Definition of surveying- Surveying is the art of making such measurements as will determine the relative positions of points on the surface of the earth in order that the shape and extent of any portion of earth's surface may be ascertained and delineated on a map or plan. It is essentially a process of determining positions of points in a horizontal plane. Leveling- is the art of determining and representing the relative heights or elevations of different points on the surface of the earth. It is the process of determining positions of points in a vertical plane. The surveying may primarily be divided into the following two types : 1) Plane Surveying :- The surveys in which the curvature of earth is not taken into consideration are known as plane surveys. These surveys extend over small areas. The degree of accuracy obtained in this type of surveying is comparatively low. Generally areas less than 250 km² are treated as plane When the surveys extend over limited areas,...